Low Vision Awareness Month reminds us that working to enhance visibility and accessibility for individuals with visual impairment is an essential part of a graphic designer’s skill set. Creating inclusive designs not only broadens your audience but also promotes understanding and compassion within the community. Here are some essential requirements and considerations for effective graphic design during this significant month.
1. Understand Low Vision
People with low vision have difficulty seeing even with corrective lenses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery. The effects of low vision may include blurred vision, reduced contrast sensitivity, and difficulty seeing in low-light conditions. Currently, 4.2 million Americans ages 40 and older are visually impaired. Of these, 3 million have low vision. Recognizing these challenges is the first step in designing more accessible graphics.
2. Use High Contrast
Contrast is crucial for readability. Ensure that text stands out against the background by using a proper contrast ratio, which is the difference in the brightness between the lightest and darkest shades in an object. A high contrast ratio (4.5:1 for regular text and 3:1 for large text) improves legibility significantly. Consider using dark text on a light background, or vice versa.
3. Choose Readable Fonts
Opt for sans-serif fonts that are large and simple in design. Avoid decorative fonts, which may be hard to read. Similarly, maintain a minimum font size between 14 and 16 points for body text, as smaller sizes can be difficult to read, especially on small screens. Offering text options that can be resized without losing quality adds to accessibility.
4. Provide Clear Visual Hierarchy
Design your graphics with a clear visual hierarchy. Use size, weight, and spacing effectively to guide viewers’ eyes to important information. Headings should be prominent, and white space can help separate different sections, making it easier for individuals to navigate the material.
5. Be Mindful of Color Choice
Color blindness affects a significant portion of the population. Avoid using color as the sole means of conveying information. Instead, combine colors with patterns, labels, or symbols.
Thoughtful graphic design during Low Vision Awareness Month—and every month—provides an excellent opportunity to promote inclusivity and awareness. By implementing these principles, designers can create materials that are not only visually appealing but also accessible to all. Embracing accessibility is not just the right thing to do, it’s a step toward ensuring that everyone has the opportunity to engage with visual content, enhancing understanding and connection within our communities.
